After Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin announced cypherpunk principles, the project has come up with a new draft roadmap, called ‘Strawmap.’ This time, the focus areas are privacy, quantum resistance, Layer-2 scaling, and faster settlement times.
Ethereum Foundation’s Strawmap: Five long-term goals
Justin Drake, a researcher at the Ethereum Foundation, put forward the Strawmap proposal, a strategic five-year vision document outlining potential future hard forks, technical goals, and research directions. The proposal is more like a coordination tool that draws a possible path for Ethereum’s protocol evolution through 2029.
Let’s take a look at what the five key features mean.
- Faster finality for Layer-1: The document proposes reducing settlement time, enabling speedy irreversible transactions on Ethereum’s base layer.
- Quantum-resistant cryptography: This denotes upgrading the cryptographic tools of the Ethereum protocol to combat quantum computing. As of now, Ethereum uses elliptic curve cryptography to resist against classical computers.
- Gigagas Layer-1 scaling: The throughput of L-1 will increase to nearly 1 billion gas per second.
- Huge Layer-2 scaling: The five-year vision proposal also includes a feature that helps Layer-2 networks scale millions of instant transactions. This dramatically boosts L-2 capacity to 10 million transactions per second.
- Built-in privacy for transfers: Typically, most of the current privacy options use add-on protocols. Strawmap, however, considers privacy-preserving transactions as a major protocol feature for Ethereum transfers.
Introducing strawmap, a strawman roadmap by EF Protocol.
— Justin Drake (@drakefjustin) February 25, 2026
Believe in something. Believe in an Ethereum strawmap.
Who is this for?
The document, available at strawmap[.]org, is intended for advanced readers. It is a dense and technical resource primarily for researchers,… pic.twitter.com/gIZh5I8Not
For years, Ethereum has been criticized for slow scaling and strong reliance on Layer-2 networks. The latest move of the Ethereum Foundation is a notable milestone.
According to Jeongmin, a crypto analyst, Ethereum’s gigagas target for Layer-1 throughput is a significant move that would happen through zkEVMs or zero-knowledge proofs, allowing the blockchain to process millions of transactions per second.
The Strawmap’s target of gigagas L1 scaling is the massive leap we have been waiting for. Achieving 10,000 TPS through enshrined zkEVMs makes Ethereum’s long term vision feel much more tangible than individual EIPs ever did.
— Jeongmin (@nice_investment) February 26, 2026
Buterin’s cypherpunk principle also focuses on privacy
Last week, Buterin introduced a “Cypherpuk-principled non-ugly Ethereum” with the core intention to enhance censorship resistance, improve privacy and scalability, and simplify the proof-of-stake consensus mechanism.
The common notable features in both the Strawmap and cypherpunk vision are privacy and high throughput/scalability. And the reason for this is very clear: Ethereum, the trailblazing DeFi and smart contract platform, sees both the features as inevitable to make the network truly private, decentralized, and usable at a massive scale.